Types and shadows

"Type" is a nonbiblical word (KJV) found in the Book of Mormon and Edwards.

Occurrence of terms

"type" BM (7) JE (100s)

"types" BM (2) JE (100s)

"shadow" OT (65) NT (8) BM (10) DC (2) JE (100s)

"shadows" OT (3) BM (1) JE (100s)

"types and shadows" BM (1) JE (25)

NOTE: Some modern versions of the Bible use "type" in this verse where KJV uses "figure."

Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come. (Romans 5:14)

The Greek word translated as "figure" in KJV is actually τύπος, transliterated as "typos." Some versions translate the word as "pattern," "symbol," "prototype," etc. https://biblehub.com/romans/5-14.htm

Book of Mormon examples compared with Edwards.

10 But this much I tell you, what you do with me, after this, shall be as a type and a shadow of things which are to come. (Mosiah 13:10)

15 And many signs, and wonders, and types and shadows showed he unto them, concerning his coming; and also holy prophets spake unto them concerning his coming; and yet they hardened their hearts, and understood not that the law of Moses availeth nothing except it were through the atonement of his blood. (Mosiah 3:15)

NOTE: "availeth nothing" BM (2) "avails nothing" JE (8)

Edwards. This light of the sun of righteousness to come they had chiefly two ways. One was by predictions of Christ to come whereby his coming was foretold and promised, and another was by types and shadows of Christ whereby his coming and redemption were prefigured.

But behold, I say unto you, that all these things were types of things to come. (Mosiah 13:31)

Edwards. 

For by the Scripture it is plain that innumerable other things are types that are not interpreted in Scripture (all the ordinances of the Law are all shadows of good things to come), in like manner as it is plain by Scripture that these and those passages that are not actually interpreted are yet predictions of future events. 

KJV comparison: "For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect. (Hebrews 10:1)

but notwithstanding the law of Moses, they did look forward to the coming of Christ, considering that the law of Moses was a type of his coming, (Alma 25:15)

{Note: "look forward" is BM (14) JE (18) 

Edwards. the Law of Moses was full of types & shadows 

 

Soon after this the custom of sacrificing was appointed to be a standing type of the sacrifice of Christ till he should come and offer up himself a sacrifice to God. Sacrificing was not a custom first established by the Levitical law of Moses, for it had been a part of God's instituted worship long before,

But this coming up of the children of Israel out of the Red Sea was only a type of Christ's resurrection. 

Yea, I believe the old creation was a type and shadow of the new. 

And that a New Jerusalem should be built up upon this land, unto the remnant of the seed of Joseph, for which things there has been a type. For as Joseph brought his father down into the land of Egypt, even so he died there; wherefore, the Lord brought a remnant of the seed of Joseph out of the land of Jerusalem, that he might be merciful unto the seed of Joseph that they should perish not, even as he was merciful unto the father of Joseph that he should perish not.

(Ether 13:6-7)

Edwards. 

Joseph, who was sold by his brethren, and therein was a type of Christ, brings his brethren into great perplexity and distress, and brings them to reffect on their sin, and to say we are verily guilty; and at last to resign up themselves entirely into his hands for bondmen;

This was done by Joshua who was of Joseph's posterity and was an eminent type of Christ, and is therefore called "the shepherd, the stone of Israel" in Jacob's blessing of Joseph

_____

Edwards

We observed before that the light that the church enjoyed from the fall of man till Christ came was like the light which we enjoy in the night, not the light of the sun directly but as reflected from the moon and stars, which light did foreshadow Christ to come, the sun of righteousness hereafter to arise. 

This light of the sun of righteousness to come they had chiefly two ways. One was by predictions of Christ to come whereby his coming was foretold and promised, and another was by types and shadows of Christ whereby his coming and redemption were prefigured. 

The first thing that was done to prepare the way for Christ in the former of these ways was in that promise that was just taken notice [of] in the foregoing particular, and the first thing of the latter sort, viz. of types to foreshow Christ's coming, was that institution of sacrifice that we are now upon. 

As that promise [in the] Genesis 3 was the first dawn of gospel light after the fall in prophecy, so the institution of sacrifice was the first hint of it in types. The giving of that promise was the first thing that was done after the fall in this work in Christ's prophetical office. 

The institution of sacrifice was the first thing that we read of after the fall by which [Christ] especially exhibited himself in his visible church in his priestly office.

This institution of sacrifice was a great thing done towards preparing the way for Christ's coming and working out redemption. For the sacrifice of the Old Testament was the main of all the Old Testament types of Christ and his redemption, and it tended to establish in the minds of God's visible church the necessity of a propitiatory sacrifice in order to the deity's being atoned for sin. 

And so prepared the way for the reception of the glorious gospel that reveals the great sacrifice in the visible church, and not only so but throughout the world of mankind, for from this institution of sacrifice that was after the fall all nations derived the custom of sacrificing. 

For this custom of offering up sacrifices to the gods to atone for sin was common to all nations. 

No nation, however barbarous, was found without it anywhere, which is a great evidence of the truth of the Christian religion. For no nation, but only the Jews, could tell how they came by this custom or to what purpose it was to offer sacrifices up to their deities. The light of nature did not teach 'em any such thing; that did not teach 'em that the gods were hungry and fed upon the flesh which they burned in sacrifice. 

And yet they all had this custom of which no other account can be given but that they derived it from Noah who had it from his ancestors to whom God had enjoined it as a type of the great sacrifice of Christ. However by that means the nations of the world had their minds possessed with this notion that an atonement or sacrifice for sin was necessary. 

And so [the] way [was prepared] for men's minds, for their more readily receiving the great doctrine of the gospel of Christ which teaches us the atonement and sacrifice of Christ.

1808 edition, 10237 Kindle

http://edwards.yale.edu/archive?path=aHR0cDovL2Vkd2FyZHMueWFsZS5lZHUvY2dpLWJpbi9uZXdwaGlsby9nZXRvYmplY3QucGw/Yy44OjQud2plby4xMDc0NjIwLjEwNzQ2MjYuMTA3NDYzMA==

Seventh. 'Tis no more than just to suppose that God intended to intimate to us that the sabbath ought by Christians to be kept in commemoration of Christ's redemption, in that the Israelites were commanded to keep it in remembrance of their deliverance out of Egypt, because that deliverance out of Egypt is an evident and known and allowed type of it. It was contrived and ordered of God on purpose to represent it; everything about it was typical of it and much is made of it principally for that reason, because it was so remarkable a type of it.

And it was but a shadow; the work in itself was nothing in comparison of the work of redemption. What is a petty redemption of one nation from a temporal bondage to the eternal salvation of the whole church of the elect, in all ages and nations, from eternal damnation, and bringing them not into a temporal Canaan but into heaven to eternal glory and blessedness? Was that shadow so much to be commemorated as to keep a day once a week for it? And shall we not much more commemorate that great and glorious work that it was designed on purpose to be a shadow of?

And, besides, these words in the fourth commandment can be of no significancy unto us unless they are to be interpreted of the gospel redemption. But the words of the Decalogue are spoken to all nations and ages. Therefore, as the words were spoken to the Jews, they referred to the type and shadow; as they are spoken to us, they are to be interpreted of the antitype and substance. For the Egypt that we are redeemed from under the gospel is the spiritual Egypt; the house of bondage we are redeemed from is of spiritual bondage. Therefore the words as spoken to us are to be thus interpreted: "And remember thou wast a servant to sin and Satan, and the Lord, the Lord thy God, delivered thee from this bondage with a mighty hand and outstretched arm; therefore the Lord thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day."

And as the words in the preface to the Ten Commandments about the bringing out of Egypt are interpreted in our catechism, and must be interpreted, as they have respect to us of our spiritual redemption, so by an exact identity of reason must those words in Deuteronomy annexed to the fourth commandment be interpreted of the same gospel redemption.